Electronic Imaging in Astronomy: Detectors and Instrumentation (Springer Praxis Books)

Electronic Imaging in Astronomy: Detectors and Instrumentation (Springer Praxis Books)

Ian S. McLean

Language: English

Pages: 552

ISBN: 3540765824

Format: PDF / Kindle (mobi) / ePub


The second edition of Electronic Imaging in Astronomy: Detectors and Instrumentation describes the remarkable developments that have taken place in astronomical detectors and instrumentation in recent years – from the invention of the charge-coupled device (CCD) in 1970 to the current era of very large telescopes, such as the Keck 10-meter telescopes in Hawaii with their laser guide-star adaptive optics which rival the image quality of the Hubble Space Telescope.

Authored by one of the world’s foremost experts on the design and development of electronic imaging systems for astronomy, this book has been written on several levels to appeal to a broad readership. Mathematical expositions are designed to encourage a wider audience, especially among the growing community of amateur astronomers with small telescopes with CCD cameras. The book can be used at the college level for an introductory course on modern astronomical detectors and instruments, and as a supplement for a practical or laboratory class.

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Component Interconnect Principal Investigator PhotoMultiplier Tube Palomar Observatory Sky Survey Programmable Read Only Memory Point Spread Function Quantum Eciency root mean square Royal Observatory Edinburgh ReadOut Integrated Circuit Raytheon Vision Systems South African Large Telescope Sloan Digital Sky Survey Superconductor±Insulator±Superconductor Square Kilometer Array Signal to Noise Ratio Stratospheric Observatory For Infrared Astronomy Superconducting QUantum Interference Device

and will be discussed in detail too. Stimulated in part by the impact of CCDs a decade earlier, an enormous revolution in infrared astronomy occurred with the advent of solid-state imaging devices for that wavelength region in the 1980s (e.g., McLean, 1988). In fact, the impact was perhaps even greater than CCDs because there was no precursor for infrared imaging, no equivalent of photography or TV tubes. Infrared ``arrays'' do Sec. 1.3] 1.3 The impact of solid-state imaging 23 Figure 1.11.

more easily polished spherical correcting lens and the secondary mirror is an aluminized re¯ective patch on the inner surface of the lens. 94 Telescopes [Ch. 3 As mentioned, to make use of the prime focus of a large telescope for wide-®eld imaging requires additional optics in front of the camera. Such prime-focus correctors are high-performance refractive elements. Charles G. Wynne (1911± 1999) originated a relatively simple three-element corrector in 1979, and many modern correctors are

15th-magnitude stars. The concept is supported by the National Science Foundation, as well as Apple Computer Corporation and Eastman Kodak. The Berkeley Automatic Imaging Telescope, pioneered by Richmond, Tre€ers, and Filippenko in 1993, was upgraded and moved to the Lick Observatory on Mt. Hamilton, where it is now known as the Katzman Automatic Imaging Telescope (KAIT) and is an integral part of the search for distant supernovae (used to study the acceleration of the universe). This 0.75 m

astigmatism a€ect image quality; while distortion and ®eld curvature a€ect image position, except that strong ®eld curvature can cause defocus unless the detector is curved or the ®eld is ``¯attened'' with a suitable lens. An optical system in which both spherical aberration and coma are absent is called aplanatic. The thick-lens power formula can be applied to a two-mirror system. Using the convention that n ˆ À1 for a mirror, then the power of the combination is given by P ˆ 1=f ˆ 1=f1 ‡ 1=f2 À

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