A Hero's Many Faces: Raoul Wallenberg in Contemporary Monuments (Holocaust and Its Contexts)
Tanja Schult
Language: English
Pages: 452
ISBN: B012YT8G78
Format: PDF / Kindle (mobi) / ePub
Raoul Wallenberg is widely remembered for his humanitarian activity on behalf of the Hungarian Jews in Budapest at the end of World War II, and known as the Swedish diplomat who disappeared into the Soviet Gulag in 1945. Today, Wallenberg’s example is used to communicate humanitarian values and human rights in many democratic societies. His story incorporates a classical hero narrative which has survived the ‘un-heroic’ 20th century.
In 2008, there exist thirty-one Wallenberg monuments in twelve countries on five continents, from Hungary to Sweden, from Canada to Chile, from Australia to Russia. The rich diversity of the monuments invites to discuss the different concepts of Wallenberg and heroism as expressed in the artists’ works. The art-historical focus of this interdisciplinary study makes it a valuable contribution to the discussion of personal monuments, as well as to the socio-historical research on the commemoration of Wallenberg and the concept of the hero.
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would engage himself in the erection of a copy of a bust dedicated to Raoul Wallenberg seems highly problematic and the incident casts a shadow on Lancz’s work. The next two busts, by Horn and Stavisky, can be subsumed under the tag man-of-action, although they hardly depict men in action. Characteristic of both busts is a determined expression that leads the viewer to intuit that these men are indeed able to take direct action, Raoul Wallenberg’s Deed 97 Figure 6.5 B. Horn, R. Wallenberg,
three-crown emblem is frequently used and a widely known and popular symbol of the Swedish nation. Today, there is a popular Swedish ice-hockey team named Tre Kronor, and the emblem frequently appears not only on hockey shirts but on various products and Swedish souvenirs. It has been a symbol of the country since the reign of King Albert of Mecklenburg who ruled Sweden between 1363 and 1389.57 However, the triple-crown symbol has another meaning. It is not only used to represent Sweden, but
articulated papers (Plate 2). We turn around and discover that the back of the monument is composed as a wall of papers, stacked in unequally sized, slightly displaced bundles, each held together by one or two bronze ribbons (Figures 6.14 and 6.15). The lower piles protrude sideways and forwards from the rectangular wall. On the ground, three passes lie on top of each other. The top one is unmistakably identifiable as a Schutzpass of a mother and her two children as indicated by their
serve as a model to encourage ordinary human to follow an ideal they “might in principle become.” Jackson succeeds both in portraying Wallenberg as a human being and, at the same time, a hero.75 In his monument Jackson seemed to have adopted the approach of Ralph Waldo Emerson who makes us feel that “we can appropriate the attributes of the great, make them our own, and become heroic in our own lives.”76 Another version of a diplomat, which is quite similar although artistically not as convincing
the whole project, Varga took the opportunity given and agreed to the location since he knew that an installation in a more relevant place would have been an impossibility at that time. In light of the changing political climate in Moscow and through diplomacy the monument was at least able to find a public installation in Budapest, even if it was not on the Pest-side where Wallenberg was active, but in a more remote place in the II District. According to Attila Zsigmond, General Director of the
